Location: Stations--Forest Stations--Hui Tong
Brief introduction to the research projects in Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Title of the project: Decomposition of stump and root left from final cutting of plantation forests and its impact on reforestation.
Type of the project: a conventional project funded by National Natural Science Foundation
Principal Investigator: Dr. Liping Liao, research professor
Participants: Dr. Zhiqun Huang
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Period: 1998-2000
Objectives: To reveal the process of nutrient release during the decomposition of stump-root in C. lanceolata plantation, and to examine the impacts of allelo-chemicals from decomposing stump-root on the growth of C. lanceolata saplings.
Main research themes 1) decomposition process of stump-root of C. lanceolata plantation; 2) changes of microbes community during the decomposition of stump-root C. lanceolata plantation; 3) chemo- allelopathy of stump-root of C. lanceolata plantation.
Major achievements: The results indicated that sapwood of the stump decomposed faster than the heartwood, and the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in root and sapwood decreased, but it increased at first and then decreased in heartwood as the decomposition proceeded. K concentration in strum-root decreased rapidly in the first two year of decomposition. In the early stage of decomposition, the concentration of N, P and K in roots was higher than that in sapwood and heartwood stump. With the decomposition deepening, phenolics in the stump-root reduced, but they were released and accumulated into the soil, their content in soil surrounding stump-root were higher than that in the bulk soil. Field investigation revealed that the height, diameter at the ground of the C. lanceolata saplings correlated closely to the density of the stump-roots on site, indicating that the stump-roots affected the growth of next generation.
Key words: C. lanceolata plantation forest, stump-root, decomposition process, chemo-allelopathy, regeneration
Title of the project: Optimized model of combined agricultural ecosystem and the construction of demonstration section: demonstration of integrated utilization of barren land on the mountain slope
Type of the project: a subject of national key project
Principal Investigator: Dr. Liping Liao, research professor
Participants: Dr. Zhiqun Huang, Dr. Silong Wang Leading institution: Nanjing Institute of Soil Sciences, CAS institution involved: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Period: 1996-1998
Objectives: In the area of Three Gorges Reservoir , experimental demonstration on vegetation restoration and model of crop trees is to screen optimized models for the integrated utilization of barren land on the mountain slope, and is ultimately for the purpose of improving the quality of living environments and residents life.
Main research theme 1) analysis of species diversity of barren land on the mountain slope in the area of Three Gorges Reservoir ; 2)demonstration of vegetation restoration on barren land on the mountain slope in the area of Three Gorges Reservoir ; 3)demonstration of crop trees model on barren land on the mountain slope in the area of Three Gorges Reservoir .
Major achievements: The plant species diversity barren land on the mountain slope has been investigated in the area of Three Gorges Reservoir , and the demonstration of vegetation restoration and crop tree planting have also been carried out. As a result, some drought-resistant and infertile-tolerant tree species have been chosen for tree planting and optimized model for the vegetation restoration, experience of crop tree planting by local people has been summarized, and a strategy of integrated utilization of barren land on the mountain slope in the area of Three Gorges Reservoir has been proposed.
Key words: Barren land on the mountain slope, area of Three Gorges Reservoir , vegetation restoration, crop trees, optimized model Fund: ?5,000
Title of the project: Causes for degradation of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation and its recovery approaches Type of the project: key project funded by CAS
Principal Investigator: Dr. Liping Liao, research professor Participants: Dr. Silong Wang, Xiaojun Yu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Participant institution
Period: 1997-2000
Objectives: To study the nutritional and toxicant mechanism for the degradation of C. lanceolata plantation forest, and to find out what is the critical factors.
Main research themes: 1)toxicant mechanism of degradation of C. lanceolata plantation forest; 2) nutritional mechanism of degradation of C. lanceolata plantation forest; 3)biological technology addressing the degradation of C. lanceolata plantation forest; 4)engineering technology addressing the degradation of C. lanceolata plantation forest.
Major achievements: As for the toxicant mechanism, the major sources of toxicants has been found to be the stump-root left behind clear-cutting, and the stump-root produces toxicants as it decomposed which affected growth of saplings of C. lanceolata. As for the nutritional mechanism, the difference in soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen content, available phosphorus and net nitrogen mineralization rate has been examined between pure C. lanceolata plantation of different age and evergreen broadleaved forest. The SOM has been proved to be the major source of nutrient, especially for nitrogen, and the SOM composition affects the availability of soil nutrient. In addition, the SOM also affects the activity of invertase and urease. And the effects of hardwood-mixing and hardwood-rotating approach have been examined to provide an ecological basis for bio-technology controlling degradation of C. lanceolata plantation.
Key words: C. lanceolata plantation forest, site degradation, toxicant mechanism, nutritional mechanism, recovery approach
Title of the project: Mechanism of shaping longterm productivity of C. lanceolata planation and its response to the global change.
Type of the project: subject of a key project funded by CAS
Principal Investigator: Dr. Liping Liao, Research Professor
Participants: Yueqiang Ma, Zhiqun Huang
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Participant institution
Period: 1997-2000
Objectives: To understand the key process restricting longterm productivity of C. lanceolata plantation forest and its response to the global change.
Main research content: 1)decomposition of litter and Nitrogen cycling of C. lanceolata plantation forest; 2)turnover of fine roots and nitrogen cycling of C. lanceolata forest; 3) accumulation and depletion of carbon in C. lanceolata plantation.
Major achievements: Based on the comparative study, the characteristics of net carbon storage and distribution among different organs has been examined, especially the difference in turnover and carbon content of fine roots among C. lanceolata plantation stands degraded to different extent has been systematically studied. The relationship of soil CO2 release rate and annual CO2 release to the productivity has been analyzed. The results also showed that lower nitrogen concentration and higher C/N ratio are the critical factors controlling the decomposition of C. lanceolata litter, the decomposition of C. lanceolata litter can be enhanced by mixing with some broadleaved litter. However. Nitrogen concentration in fine roots of C. lanceolata is relatively low too, but the nitrogen may translocate through the fine roots cross Alnus cremastogyne to C. lanceolata if they have been intercropped. A frame model of carbon nitrogen cycling has been established based on the studies in the past.
Key words: C. lanceolata plantation, long-term productivity, carbon cycling, nitrogen cycling
Others: the principal investigator of this project has gone.
Title of the project: Demonstration and monitoring of optimized model for sustaining longterm productivity of C. lanceolata plantation.
Type of the project: subject of a key project funded by CAS
Principal Investigator: Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Shijian Deng, Xiaojun Yu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Period: 1997-2000
Objectives: Through longterm monitoring and demonstration, we intend to examine the effects of simple tree species composition and human practices on the site qualities, to provide optimized model for sustainable management of C. lanceolata plantation.
Main research themes: 1)monitoring of micro-climate within the C. lanceolata planation; 2)monitoring of soil nutrient dynamics of C. lanceolata plantation; 3)monitoring of precipitation inside of and runoff within C. lanceolata planation; 4)monitoring of species diversity and dynamics of undergrowth under C. lanceolata planation; 5)demonstration of optimized model for sustaining longterm productivity of C. lanceolata planation.
Major achievements: Based on the monitoring, 9 database have been established including micro-climate, biology, hydrology and soil of C. lanceolata planation, the quality and quantity of the data from 2000 have been evaluated by CERN to be the first rate of all 29 participant stations.
Key words: C. lanceolata planation, monitoring, demonstration, and longterm productivity
Title of the project: Eco-boundary processes and mechanics of forest ecosystem dynamics
Type of the project: a subject of innovative project funded by CAS
Principal Investigator: Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Zhiqun Huang, Longchi Chen, and Xiaojun Yu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Participant institution
Period: 2000-2003
Objectives: This subject is to elaborate the importance of litter composition to the function of root-soil eco-boundary, and to provide ecological basis for sound regulation structure and sustaining the longterm productivity of C. lanceolata plantation.
Main research themes: 1)effects of different litter composition on the capacity of nutrient supply by soil under C. lanceolata plantation; 2)effects of different litter composition on the nutrient uptake by C. lanceolata roots; 3) effects of different litter composition on the nutrient translocation cross the root-soil eco-boundary; 4)effects of different litter composition on the tree growth. Major achievements
Key words: C. lanceolata plantation, litter, soil, root, root-soil eco-boundary
Title of the project: Sustainable management of forest ecosystem
Type of the project: a subject of innovative project funded by CAS
Principal Investigator: Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Zhiqun Huang, Longchi Chen, and Xiaojun Yu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Period: 2000-2003
Objectives: To provide policy-makers with principles for the sustainable management of forest ecosystem in China
Main research themes: 1)key ecological problems existing in forest ecosystem of the main type; 2)analysis of key ecological processes within forest ecosystem of the main type: 3)strategy for sustainable management of forest ecosystem.
Key words: Forest ecosystem, ecological problem, sustainable management
Title of the project: Toxicant components of roots exudates from Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation forest and their chemi-allelopathy
Principal Investigator:Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Zhiqun Huang, Longchi Chen, and Xiaojun Yu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Participant institution
Period: 2001-2004
Objectives: Based on the analysis of composition of allelo-chemicals from root exudates of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, the allelopathy and its mechanism will be examined to understand the degradation processes of allelo-chemicals and regulating mechanism.
Main research themes 1)main root metabolics from from C. lanceolata plantation and their dynamics; 2)Chemo-allelopathy of root metabolics from C. lanceolata plantation; 3) degradation processes of main root metabolics and its regulating mechanism.
Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, root exudates, chemo-allelopathy
Title of the project: Mechanism of decline of typical plantation forest and its sustainable management: case studies in plantation timber forest and plantation protection forest
Type of the project: an innovative project of important orientation
Principal Investigator: Dr. Jiaojun Zhu and Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Zhiqun Huang, Longchi Chen, Xiaojun Yu, Jiangchun Hu, Shaokui Yan and Yalin Hu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Participant institution
Period: 2002-2005
Objectives: Starting from studies on the key ecological processes of typical plantation forest, we seek to elucidate the declining mechanism of typical plantation forest in China, to explore an approach to sustainable management of plantation forest, and to establish a specific theory and technology for the management of stable, productive and effective plantation forest.
Main research theme: 1) systematical indices for multi-scale-based evaluation on decline of typical plantation forest ecosystem; 2)degradation mechanism of main plantation timber forest in the South;3)degradation mechanism of main plantation protection forest in the North; 4)restoration, rehabilitation, reconstruction and sustainable management of degraded plantation forest ecosystem.
Key words: Plantation timber forest in the south, Plantation protection forest in the north, degradation mechanism, sustainable management,
Title of the project: Functional Composition of soil organic matter and organic accumulation /mineralization in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantaion soil
Type of the project: a common project funded by National Natural Science Fundation
Principal Investigator: Dr. Silong Wang, Research Professor 72 Wenhua Rd. Shenyang 110016 P.O. Box 417 email: slwang21@hotmail.com Tel: (024)23916283 Fax: (024)23843313
Participants: Zhiqun Huang, Longchi Chen, Xiaojun Yu, Shaokui Yan, Yalin Hu
Leading institution: Institute of Applied Ecology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Period: 2003-2005
Objectives: Using field survey and simulation experiments, we intend to analyze the functional composition of soil organic compounds under Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation forest, and further we seek to explore the relationship of those functional components of soil organic compounds to the key ecological processes in soil, and finally a quantitative model of accumulation and mineralization of soil organic matter will be built.
Main research theme: Soil under various degraded C. lanceolata plantation will be sampled and the composition and contents of compounds-based SOM will be analyzed by using GC-MS, LC-MS and NMR in this project to figure out the major functional compounds and their relations to tree species. The interaction of these major functional components and the effects of these major compounds on the SOM accumulation/ mineralization will be examined based on the simulation experiments, and a model of quantitative relationship of accumulation / mineralization with these major compounds will be established. The effects of these functional SOM compounds on major functional microbes, such as ammonifiers and nitrifiers, will also be examined in order to study the mechanism of C. lanceolata species affecting on the underneath soil qualities.
Key words: oil organic matter, Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, functional components