Projects of The Ecological Experimental Station of Wetland in Sanjiang Plain in The Past 5 Years 1．Project Title: Study on Sustainable Agricultural Development in Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain Project type： National Key Project Principal：Liu Xingtu Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 Participants: He Yan, Yi Fuke, Cui Paoshan, Zhang Shuwen, Chen Gangqi Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1996,1-2000,12 Project objectives：Environmental change of soil is an important problem in Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain. Based on the research of soil degradation and land resources, a proper model combining farming with animal husbandry was established and the way of sustainable agricultural development in the Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain was put forward. Major research contents： 1. Study on the soil degradation and land resource of Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain 2. Study on the model combining farming with animal husbandry. 3. Study on sustainable agricultural development and model in different regions. Research results: 1. Reversional ways of soil and grassland degradation of Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain 2. Get a substance model combining farming with animal husbandry Key words：Songnong ?C Sanjiang Plain, sustainable agricultural development Amount：330,000 yuan Others： 2．Project Title: Study on the relationship between water and nutrient cycle and productivity of typical lowland agriculture field and get an optimal model in the Sanjiang Plain Project type：Special Support of Key Ninth-Five-Year Plan Project of CAS Principal：Yang Qing, Wang Yiyong Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：WangYiyong@mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Chen Gangqi,Lv Xianguo,Wang Ruishan,Yang Guiqian,Zhang Guang Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1997,4-2000,12 Project objectives: Study on the water and nutrient cycle and productivity of typical lowland agriculture field, get an optimal model of typical lowland agriculture in the Sanjiang Plain and provide a scientific proposal for governmental agriculture department. Major research contents： 1. Field experiment on the relationship between water transformation, water balance and productivity of typical lowland agriculture field 2. Characteristics of soil nutrients cycle of reclobjectivesed wetland in the Sanjiang Plain. 3. Ways to increase the utilization ratio of soil fertilizer. 4. Getting an optimal model of typical lowland agriculture in the Sanjiang Plain 5. To solve the key problems that curb the agricultural development Research results: 4. Got a concept and an optimal model of typical lowland agriculture in the Sanjiang Plain 5. Got a whole nitrogen mathematic model of glebe after wetlands had been reclobjectivesed 20 years. 6. With the change of plant, population increase and wetland area shortage, the functions of wetland are impaired. 7. With large-scale change of plant and increase in population in Sanjiang plain, the natural wetland areas decreased rapidly. The function that wetland adjusts regional climate has been weakened and seasonal drought, delay rain season and higher temperature have taken place here frequently in recent years. Key words： lowland agriculture field, Sanjiang Plain, water and nutrient cycle, optimize model, Amount：150,000 yuan Others： 3．Project Title: Study on the Wetland agriculture Ecosystem dynamic Monitoring and optimal model in the Sanjiang Plain Project type：Special Support of Key Ninth-Five-Year Plan Project of CAS Principal：Wang Ruishan, Wang Yiyong Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：WangYiyong@mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Chen Gangqi, Yang qing,Yang Guiqian,Zhang Guang,liu Binhua Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1997,4-2000,12 Project objectives：. Monitor on the wetland agriculture ecosystem, set up an optimal model of wise utility of water and nutrient in Sanjiang Plain. Major research contents： 1. Long term monitoring on the wetland agriculture ecosystem 2. Get an optimal model of typical lowland agriculture in the Sanjiang Plain Research results: 1. Created a big experimental database about atmosphere, biology, soil and water of typical lowland agriculture in the Sanjiang Plain 2. Got a suitable fishery, paddy and economy vegetable complex model of lowland agriculture in Sanjiang Plain Key words： lowland agriculture field, Sanjiang Plain, water and nutrient cycle, dynamic monitoring Amount：400,000 yuan Others： 4．Project Title: Study on impacts of large-scale reclamation on natural environment and trend in the Sanjiang Plain Project type：National Natural Science Foundation Principal：Ma Xuehui Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 Participants: Liu Xingtu, Hu Jinming, Cui Baoshan Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1997,6-2000,12 Project objectives：Obtain the degree of impact of large-scale reclamation on eco-environment, and stop the degradation trend of eco-environmental quality in the Sanjiang Plain. Major research contents： 1. The effects of large-scale reclamation on eco-environment, including vegetation, surface water and groundwater, soils and rare waterfowl were studied. 2. Countermeasures of stopping reclamation and protectng regional eco-environment. Main research achievements/results: 1. Reclamation of forest and grassland is the main factor led to soil erosion and desertification in local region. 2. The actions of laying emphasis on development without considering protecting of soils cause the evident degradation of soil fertility. 3. Large-scale planting of paddy irrigated by groundwater has been leading to the fall of groundwater level. 4. Stopping reclamation and developing the farmland with mid and low yield are the right way of regional sustainable development. Key words：Sanjiang Plain, Largescale reclamation, Natural environment Amount：130,000 yuan Others： 5．Project Title: Study on cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water in typical wetland ecosystem Project type：The Important B items of the CAS Principal：Yang Yongxin Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542214 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：yxyang@mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Wang Yiyong, Wang Shiyan, He Tairong Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1997,4-2000,12 Project objectives：Revealing the mechanism of matter cycles in wetland ecosystem Major research contents： Studies on the mechanisms of bio-production variation, dynamic variation laws, cycle model, transference and translation law of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in plant, soils, litter and water in wetland ecosystem. Main research achievements/results: 1. understanding the mechanisms of matter cycles in wetland ecosystem has an important significance in understanding the functions of wetland. 2. There are differences in the mechanisms of matter cycles among different type wetland ecosystems. 3. There are differences in the mechanisms of matter cycles between the undisturbed wetland ecosystem and the disturbed wetland ecosystem. 4. Water is an important factor affecting the mechanisms of matter cycles in wetland ecosystems. Key words：Sanjiang Plain, Amount：90,000 yuan Others： 6．Project Title: Study on the area threshold of wetland reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain Project type：The Important B items of the CAS Principal：Yang Yongxin Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542214 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：yxyang@mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Wang Yiyong, Wang Shiyan, He Tairong Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1997,4-2000,12 Project objectives：The study on the area threshold of wetland development will offer the scientific basis for wetland protection in the Sanjiang Plain. Major research contents： 1. Study on environmental quality and variation law of wetland in the Sanjiang Plain. 2. Study on the area threshold of utilizable wetland in the Sanjiang Plain. 3. Wetland assessment of the Sanjiang Plain. Main research achievements/results: 1. Comprehensive assessment of wetland environmental quality of the Sanjiang Plain. 2. Revealing the law of wetland revolution in the Sanjiang Plain. 3. The study on the area threshold of wetland development will offer the scientific basis for wetland protection in the Sanjiang Plain. Key words：Sanjiang Plain, Amount：90,000 yuan Others： 7．Project Title: Study on the relationship between ground water capacity and sustainable agriculture development in the Sanjiang plain Project type：The foundation of wetland lab of Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Principal：Wang Yiyong Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：WangYiyong @mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Yang qing, Wang Ruishan Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：1999,1-1999,12 Project objectives：Analyze ground water dynamics, get the ground water capacity of Sanjiang Plain. and provide scientific proposal for government about arrangement the areas of soybean and rice in reason.. Major research contents： 1. Dynamics of ground water of Sanjiang plain. 2. The amount of water consumption of rice field in the Sanjiang plain Research results: 1. Dynamics law of ground water in the Sanjiang plain. 2. Estimated the whole amount of water consumption of rice field in the Sanjiang plain Key words：Sanjiang Plain, ground water resource, ground water capacity Amount：10,000 yuan Others： 8．Project Title: Study on carbon circulation and CO2、CH4 emission from marshland in the Sanjiang plain Project type： The foundation of LAPC and wetland lab of Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Principal：Wang Yiyong Address：3195 Gaoxin Road Changchun City 130012 Northeast Institute of Geography and agriculture ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences P.R.China Tel：0431-5542211 Fax：0431-5542298 E―mail：WangYiyong @mail.neigae.ac.cn Participants: Wang dexuan, Yangqing, Li Zhaofu Principal Institution: Changchun Institute of Geography, CAS Participant Institution: Duration：2001,4-2001,12 Project objectives：Get the law of CO2、CH4 emission fluxes from typical natural wetlands in the Sanjiang plain Major research contents： 1. Monitor CO2、CH4 emission fluxes from marshland in the Sanjiang plain 2. Compare CO2 and CH4 emission fluxes in the same time. Research results: 1. CO2、CH4 emission fluxes law from marshland of Sanjiang plain 2. Marshlands are the source of CH4 and the sink of CO2 in the Sanjiang plain. Key words：Sanjiang Plain, marshland, CO2、CH4 emission Amount：15,000 yuan Others：