The main research progress and achievement of the Red Earth Ecological Experiment Station Chinese Academy of Sciences Since the station set up, our station has got twenty eight items of all kinds of scientific researches achievements of the provincel ( the department) class upward, one item of first prize of them, eighteen item of second prize of, nine item of third-class of. Published seven hundred and eighty five thesis altogether, twenty five SCI thesis among them; four hundred and sixteen thesis of key Periodicals; Wrote and published fourteen monographs, published seven volumes of thesis collections of 《Red Earth Ecological System Research》, one of them is in English edition; Have obtained ten items national practical patents in the past five years. In addition our station also originated the magazine《Contemporary Compound Agriculture-forestry》( quarterly) in 1993. Main research progress and achievements are summed up into the following aspects: 1) Confirmed degradation of silicon and rich aluminium of red earth continue and go on still , solve the problem of succession of red earth. Although the emergence of red earth went through long-term ancient weathering process, present climate terms influence to its formation remarkable. Thus prove that the red earth is not" ancient weathering shell" question. In addition calculate out the absolute and relative age of the southern red earth of 4 kinds of mother material develop. 2) Probed the track of degradation of red earth nutrient, solve the prevention and cure of the degradation soil The loss of N element is mainly leaching out and run-off, P element is mainly the fixation of active Al to phosphate in red earth, the loss of K element is mainly run-off and leaching out, the degradation severity of soil nutrient in the southeast hilly area of our country is N> P> K. The development trend of soil nutrient level determines the relative size and power of process of both degradation and rebuilding. Put forward the basic definition of the soil nutrient degradation at the same time. 3) Proposed the rebuilding and recovery measure of the degradation soil and environment, solve the transformation from theory type to developing type Proposed stereoscopic planting, increasing cover , agriculture and forestry intercropping, rational intercrop under-crop sowing rotation, biology and engineering measure combining, straw returing field, rational applying fertilizer, planting crops with bearing acid and pollution etc. 4) Put forward nutrient balance principle and method of appraisal, solve the rational applying of the chemical fertilizer. Principle is to supplement nutrient insufficient, reduce fertilizer waste, not pollute the environment, The method is to use contribution rate of soil nutrient S =1 / D( in type D: nutrient average relative rate of increase, show with relative output) and nutrient allow balance B % of losing =( 1- S) / E-1*100%( in type E : one nutrient utilization ratio of fertilizer ) calculate to get. The formula offer the one basic standard method for judging whether rational the different nutrient profit and loss of different soil. 5) Probed the mechanism of droughty function of red earth easily, solved red earth which is short of water theoretical question and proposed adjusting measures to local conditions. Think the arid reason of red earth is determined by that rainfall is superior to potential evaporation capacity change and physical property of soil etc. altogether, the former is the major reason caused red earth drought at hot-autumn seasons, the latter cause red earth top layer( 30) moisture to change severely , to solve the aridity and lack water of red earth must adjusted and controlled the deep moisture through agriculture and forestry mix-crop way etc., promote soil -plant -moisture among the environment to exchange. 6) Proposed the strategy of comprehensive development and countermeasure of tap utilizing of red yellow earth, solved problem in the agricultural structure and the pattern transition. Not only focused on cultivation and establishment of modern agricultural base, but also on the improvement and raise of middle-and-low-yielding fields; need to consider cultivated land, also consider reasonable development and utilizing of forest meadow and barren sloping fields which account for the whole area 70% more than even more; as consider the traditional pattern of farming, as well as consider introducing and cultivation of a fine variety and stereoscopic planting; consider the present benefit of development and utilization of red earth resources , also consider middle period, long-term benefit and rational protection, cultivate of water and soil resources. 7) Proposed the comprehensive utilizing mode of red earth, solved soil resource wasting and agricultural structure unreasonable problem. Have set up agriculture's ecological mode of" forest in the top of, fruits in the middle of, crops in the valley of, fishes in the pool in the red earth hill area". And regard domestic animal (birds) as the tache, realize the organic integration of the crop cultivation and breed aquatics. This mode can raise 15%~30% utilizing rate of material flow and energy flow, 1~1.3 times of per unit area yield or living beings amount, agricultural product comprehensive utilization and deeply processed increment 50-70%, the outflow quantity of water and soil of erode ground reduce from 7000 T/km2 to < 100 t/km2, at the same time to radiate and popularize around, only according to 12 special raise pig formers’s statistics, add up 145,000 of pork pigs on sale for three years, fishpond increase fish production 78,000, increase 79,090,000 yuan of newly production value. Demonstrate obvious economic, ecology and social benefit. Besides, and provided the theoretical foundation and demonstration sample for reconstruction of this district ecosystem degradation and agricultural resource utilizing synthetically. 8) Brought forward persistent development technology, solved to turned the theory achievement into the economic benefits Such as water resources protection and adjusting-control technology with moisture, increasing fertilizer effect and economizing fertilizer applying technology, planting and breed aquatics integration and adjusting-control technology with the ration, fast virescence technology, etc.